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Advanced Causal Clauses — Proposizioni Causali B2·Fill in the Gerund or Participio Assoluto
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Rule reminder

GERUND (same subject): avendo/essendo + past participle (prior action) or -ando/-endo (simultaneous). PARTICIPIO ASSOLUTO (different subject): past participle agreeing with its own noun/subject in gender and number. Both are formal alternatives to causal conjunctions. Choose based on whether the subjects are the same (gerund) or different (participio assoluto).

Fill in the Gerund or Participio Assoluto1 / 10

…__ (partire) in ritardo, non riuscirono a prendere il treno.

More in this section

→ Causal Gerund — Expressing Cause with the Gerund→ Participio Assoluto — Advanced Causal Structures→ Per + Infinitive — Causal Meaning→ Register Contrast — Choosing the Right Level
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