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Advanced Causal Clauses — Proposizioni Causali B2·Causal Gerund — Expressing Cause with the Gerund
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Rule reminder

The gerund (gerundio) can express cause implicitly, without a conjunction. It is equivalent to 'perché + indicative' or 'poiché + indicative'. The gerund always refers to the subject of the main clause. Form: present gerund (-ando/-endo) for simultaneous action; past gerund (avendo/essendo + participle) for prior action. Register: formal-to-neutral, common in writing.

Causal Gerund — Expressing Cause with the Gerund1 / 10

Which is WRONG: identify the incorrect causal gerund construction.

More in this section

→ Participio Assoluto — Advanced Causal Structures→ Per + Infinitive — Causal Meaning→ Register Contrast — Choosing the Right Level→ Fill in the Causal Conjunction — Formal Contexts
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