Rule reminder

To refute an opposing argument, use: 'Al contrario' (on the contrary), 'tuttavia' (however), 'd'altro canto' (on the other hand), 'ciononostante' (nonetheless), 'è necessario però precisare che' (it is necessary to specify that), 'tale affermazione risulta infondata perché' (this claim is unfounded because), 'i dati mostrano invece che' (the data shows instead that). Refutation must be specific and evidence-based.