Rule reminder
To translate English absolute-style constructions ('having + done', 'once... had been done', 'given that... had been') into Italian, use the participio passato assoluto: the participio agrees with the subject of the absolute clause, which must differ from the main clause subject.
Translate each English sentence into Italian using an absolute construction (costruzione assoluta). Use the participio passato assoluto unless otherwise indicated.
1. Once the contract was signed, the two companies began collaborating.
2. The results having been published, the researchers attended a conference.
3. Given that the funds had run out, the project was shelved indefinitely.
4. Once the appeal had been filed, the court set a hearing date.
5. The meeting over, the participants went their separate ways.
6. Having said this, we should acknowledge the limitations of the study.
7. Once the witnesses had been heard, the judge retired to deliberate.
8. Although the peace agreement had been reached, tensions remained high.
9. The votes having been counted, the result was announced to the press.
10. Given the circumstances, the committee decided to postpone the decision.