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B150 exercises · 5 sections

False Friends (Falsi Amici)

The Lesson

What Are False Friends?

False friends (falsi amici) are words that look or sound similar in Italian and English but have completely different meanings. They are one of the most common sources of confusion for English speakers learning Italian. Recognising them will prevent embarrassing or misleading mistakes in conversation and writing.

Common False Friends: Italian → English

Italian wordLooks like…Actual meaningCorrect English equivalent
attualeactualcurrent, presentreale / vero
eventualeeventualpossible, potentialfinale / definitivo
sensibilesensiblesensitiveragionevole / saggio
preservativopreservativecondomconservante (food additive)
romanzoromancenovel (book)storia d'amore / romanticismo
argomentoargumenttopic, subjectdiscussione / litigio
annoiatoannoyedboredinfastidito / irritato
simpaticosympatheticlikeable, nicecomprensivo / solidale
educatoeducatedpolite, well-manneredistruito / colto
librerialibrarybookshopbiblioteca
cameracameraroom (e.g. bedroom)macchina fotografica
confetticonfettisugared almondscoriandoli
firmafirmsignatureazienda / ditta
novellanovelshort storyromanzo
parenteparentrelative, family membergenitore
fattoriafactoryfarmfabbrica
morbidomorbidsoftmorboso / macabro
gravegraveserious, severetomba
grossogrossbig, largelordo / disgustoso
genialegenialbrilliant, clevercordiale / piacevole

False Friends in Context

  • La situazione attuale è molto complicata.The current situation is very complicated. (NOT 'actual')
  • È un uomo molto educato.He is a very polite man. (NOT 'educated')
  • Sono annoiato.I am bored. (NOT 'annoyed')
  • Ho dimenticato la firma sul contratto.I forgot my signature on the contract. (NOT 'firm')
  • I miei parenti vengono a cena stasera.My relatives are coming to dinner tonight. (NOT 'parents')
  • Questo divano è molto morbido.This sofa is very soft. (NOT 'morbid')
  • È una situazione grave.It is a serious situation. (NOT a 'grave')
  • Puoi prestare la macchina fotografica?Can you lend your camera? (NOT 'room')
  • Ho comprato un romanzo interessante.I bought an interesting novel. (NOT 'romance')
  • È un attore molto simpatico.He is a very likeable actor. (NOT 'sympathetic')

Strategy for False Friends

When you see an Italian word that resembles an English word, do not assume they share the same meaning. Always check the context. The safest approach is to learn the 20–30 most common false friends by heart and test yourself regularly. Pay special attention to: attuale/actual, sensibile/sensible, annoiato/annoyed, educato/educated, parente/parent, libreria/library, and fattoria/factory — these are the ones that trip up learners most often.

Practice Exercises

50 exercises · 10 questions each