Rule reminder

Master checklist: (1) sebbene/benché/quantunque/nonostante che/malgrado che + subjunctive ONLY; (2) anche se + indicative (real) or past perfect subjunctive (hypothetical past); (3) pur + gerundio ONLY (not finite verb, not infinitive alone); (4) per quanto + subjunctive ONLY; (5) nonostante/malgrado as preposition + noun (no verb).