How is it going?
'Sta andando' = sta an-DAN-do — the stare + gerund construction. 'Andando' has stress on the second syllable: an-DAN-do.
Use as a casual greeting equivalent — asking how things are in general. Appropriate with people you know a little but not well enough for a deep check-in. Works at work, in social settings, or on the street.
'Stare + gerundio' describes an ongoing situation. 'Come sta andando?' = 'How is it going?' in the broad sense of life or a specific situation. Without a clear referent, it means 'how are things in general.'
Come va?
How's it going?
The shortest, most casual version — ubiquitous in everyday Italian.
Tutto bene?
Everything okay?
Simple yes/no framing — very common, expects 'sì, grazie' as a response.
Come stai?
How are you?
More personal — asks specifically about the person's wellbeing.
Italians often express mild complaints in casual greetings — 'un po' stressato,' 'abbastanza stanco' — without expecting a deep response. It is a social ritual of solidarity, not a real request for help.